abstract：:The RNA-dependent P1/eIF-2 alpha protein kinase is a highly specific protein-serine/threonine kinase that catalyzes the phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of protein synthesis initiation factor eIF-2. The kinase plays a central role in translational control. The activity of the kinase is regulated by a variety of na...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Samuel CE

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Liver parenchyma shows a remarkable heterogeneity of the hepatocytes along the porto-central axis with respect to ultrastructure and enzyme activities resulting in different cellular functions within different zones of the liver lobuli. According to the concept of metabolic zonation, the spatial organization of the va...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Gebhardt R

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews the experimental data that points to formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative DNA base damage as being important contributors to cancer development. Particular emphasis is placed on the role they play in genetic changes occurring during tumor promotion. A number of structurally dif...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Frenkel K

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) shows diversity both in its effects and its receptors. It is likely to have roles as a neurotransmitter, neuromodulator, local hormone and trophic factor. Its effects include rapid changes in neuronal activity, relaxation of many types of smooth muscle, actions on metabolism and ...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Poyner DR

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) is a ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) that inactivates ribosomes by the removal of a single adenine from ribosomal RNA. The studies summarized in our review concern the nature and application of this novel therapeutic agent. We describe how researchers continue to elucidate the stru...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Irvin JD,Uckun FM

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphorothioate (PS) oligodeoxynucleotides are relatively nuclease resistant, water soluble analogs of phosphodiester (PO) oligodeoxynucleotides. These molecules are chiral but still hybridize well to their RNA targets. While considered for use as in vivo anti-sense inhibitors of gene expression, their biology, espec...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Stein CA,Tonkinson JL,Yakubov L

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutathione (GSH) fulfills several essential functions: Detoxification of free radicals and toxic oxygen radicals, thiol-disulfide exchange and storage and transfer of cysteine. GSH is present in all mammalian cells, but may be especially important for organs with intense exposure to exogenous toxins such as the liver...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： DeLeve LD,Kaplowitz N

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article is a review of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase(s) (CN PDE) from the point of view of the relationships between the newer aspects of the complex enzymology of CN PDE and recent major advances in CN PDE pharmacology. A consolidation of isozyme nomenclature to the proposed family designations is recommen...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Thompson WJ

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The vascular system develops during embryonic development by at least two distinct processes; vasculogenesis is the development of blood vessels from in situ differentiating angioblasts and angiogenesis is the sprouting of capillaries from pre-existing vessels. The molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of th...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Risau W

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A majority of angiogenic factors has been shown to be produced by macrophages. This review will give a concise description of their biochemical nature, their isolation from macrophages and their angiogenic activity. Among the factors with mitogenic effects on endothelial cells are basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Sunderkötter C,Goebeler M,Schulze-Osthoff K,Bhardwaj R,Sorg C

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug resistance of Plasmodium falciparum is not a recent phenomenon, but it became a major problem when the parasite became resistant to chloroquine, the cheapest and initially the most effective antimalarial compound that could be used for treatment and suppression. In some areas this problem is compounded by resista...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Wernsdorfer WH,Payne D

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical uses of estrogens are associated with serious adverse effects, so the experimental toxicology of these compounds is under continuous review. Structurally different estrogens have qualitatively similar effects in animals when given in amounts way above the rodent uterotrophic dose. Toxicity still tends, ho...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Hart JE

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Necrosis of skeletal muscle is produced by two types of snake venom components: single chain peptides consisting of 42-44 amino acid residues and phospholipases A2 representing either single chain proteins or existing as complexes of several enzyme subunits or combined with other nonenzymatic proteins. Vacuolation, ly...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Mebs D,Ownby CL

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chewing of the stimulant leaf khat is a habit that is widespread in certain countries of East Africa and the Arabian peninsula. During the last decade, important progress has been made in understanding the pharmacological basis for the effects of khat. It is now known that the CNS action of this drug is due to the...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Kalix P

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The leukotrienes are synthesized from essential fatty acids via a 5-lipoxygenase enzyme. Most is known about the four-series leukotrienes derived from arachidonic acid. Leukotriene B4 is a potent chemotactic agent for leukocytes and it induces neutrophil-dependent increased microvascular permeability. Leukotrienes C4,...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Brain SD,Williams TJ

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence from experimental and clinical studies suggests the involvement of the endogenous opioid system in several neurologic and psychiatric disorders (Alzheimer's, Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases, drug-induced movement disorders, Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, stroke, ischemia, brain and spinal cord injury, ...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Gulya K

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Administration of antidepressant drugs to rodents appears to decrease 5-HT2 receptor function while transmission through postsynaptic 5-HT1 receptor synapses may be enhanced. Antidepressant drugs also alter 5-HT mechanisms in humans; some of these changes are congruent with effects noted in animal studies. Thus certai...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Cowen PJ

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:New techniques for the analysis of proteins with specific binding for natural retinoids in human plasma and skin extracts have been developed. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), followed by protein blotting with an antiserum specific to retinol-binding protein (RBP), the plasma carrier of retinol, showed that:...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Siegenthaler G,Saurat JH

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have concentrated on how SCE is measured, how it correlates with other measures of cellular damage, and how SCE can be used as a tool to study cell cycle kinetics. We have not discussed the biological significance of SCEs, i.e. why they occur spontaneously, and what role, if any, in cellular preservation they play....

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Deen DF,Morgan WF,Tofilon PJ,Barcellos-Hoff MH

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the interaction between FUra and DP in HCT 116 cells is fairly complex, data from other investigators indicate that in cell lines in which inhibition of TS is growth limiting at relatively low concentrations of fluoropyrimidines, DP appears to augment the cytotoxicity of FUra and FdUrd by blocking the salvage...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Grem JL,Fischer PH

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms of monooxygenase induction and inhibition have been discussed from the standpoint of historic development, from the current concepts about the molecular mechanism of enzyme induction, and from the various possibilities by which inhibitors can interact with the complex cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase syst...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Netter KJ

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in dNTP pools have been studied by a number of investigators, in a wide range of cell types. The in vitro pertubations in dNTP pool levels induced, in particular, by deoxynucleosides which act as allosteric modulators, are not totally consistent with current 'in vitro models' of ribonucleotide reductase functi...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Fox RM

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have attempted to review studies which have utilized monoclonal antibodies in the analysis of various aspects of type II cAMP-dependent protein kinase. It is readily apparent that the monoclonal antibodies directed against RII can be used in a number of ways to assess the structure and function of this protein. Mon...

journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics

authors： Mumby MC,Weldon SL,Scott CW,Taylor SS

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00